In spring, when everything grows, the earth is cloned with new green. Faced with the temptation of wild vegetables, people have gone out of their homes to look for vegetables, and it seems that they have become the hard-working and tenacious "Wang Baochuan". The mainland has a long history of eating wild vegetables, and many wild vegetables are named in beautiful poems and ancient texts, let's learn more about it!
From the Book of Songs to modern times, wild vegetables are not absent
When I was a child, there were fewer cars, fewer buildings, and more people and trees in the streets and alleys, and if you went a little away from the center of the town to the suburbs, you could see many species of animals and plants that are rare in the city now. Toon tree, toon tree, acacia, thorny shoots, dandelion, camellia, artemisia, water celery, ...... There are many common edible wild plants that can be named. These plants are not only part of the natural beauty, but also can be used as food, becoming a game delicacy on people's tables, and a savior for people to fill their hunger and hunger in times of famine.
In ancient times, there were some books on edible wild plants in the mainland, among which the more famous ones were "Materia Medica" and "Wild Vegetable Recipe".
The mainland has a long history of eating wild vegetables, and many wild vegetables are famous in beautiful poems and ancient texts. In the Book of Songs, there is: "Zhibi Nanshan, words pick its fern." I didn't see a gentleman, and I was worried. It is also seen and stopped, and it is also stopped, and my heart says. It tells the story of a woman who misses her beloved when she climbs a mountain to pick bracken in the spring, hoping to see him, and if she sees him, she will snuggle up to him, and her heart will be happy.
Bracken, both in ancient and modern times, is a widely loved wild vegetable, belonging to the anchovy fern family, distributed in most parts of the continent among the mountains and forests, we eat the young leaves of bracken daily. In addition to being eaten by Chinese people, bracken produced in the mainland is also exported to South Korea, Japan and other Asian countries in large quantities. In traditional Chinese medicine, according to the "Compendium of Materia Medica", the whole plant of bracken can be used as medicine, which has the effects of clearing heat and smoothing the intestines, lowering gas and dissolving phlegm, diuresis and calming the nerves, and lowering blood pressure. Modern studies have shown that wild bracken is very rich in nutrients, including protein, minerals, lysine, γ-aminobutyric acid, etc. Among them, γ-aminobutyric acid is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter with important physiological functions, such as anti-epilepsy, promoting sleep, lowering blood pressure, etc.
However, on the other hand, bracken contains a carcinogen called protorteside, which has been found to be carcinogenic in Japan and other foreign countries, and the incidence of esophageal cancer is high in some areas of Japan where people who regularly eat bracken. In fact, as long as we do not eat bracken in large quantities for a long time like cabbage, green cabbage and other daily vegetables, there is no need to worry about its carcinogenicity; if we eat it and then soak and blanch or steam and fry it, the content of protofern glycosides has been greatly reduced, and there is no need to worry.
In "Lü's Spring and Autumn Period": "The beauty of vegetables has the celery of cloud dreams." "Yunmeng, that is, the area of Yunmeng County, Hubei Province today, belonged to the Chu State during the Warring States Period, and Yunmeng Zhiqin was a well-known agricultural product at that time. Celery in ancient China mostly refers to water cress, also known as water ying, which is different from the celery/parsley commonly eaten in modern homes, and is said to have a somewhat water-like taste. Cress should be a kind of wild vegetable often eaten by the ancient Chinese, and it is also recorded in the Book of Songs, such as "Sile Pan Shui, Thin Picking Its Celery", and the saying "offering celery" is also retained in modern Chinese, which is used to humble the gift of others or the suggestion is shallow.
Flowers of cress
The edible effect of celery is well known to modern people - celery lowering blood pressure has almost become a common sense. And this effect comes from the apigenin it contains, a flavonoid compound that has antioxidant, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-blood pressure, hypolipidemic, anti-anxiety and immunity-enhancing effects. Cress is a type of celery, which is also rich in apigenin, so eating wild cress also has the effect of lowering blood pressure.
Dragon's mustard, also known as sea cabbage and hair cabbage, is a kind of large seaweed, named because the young stem resembles a dragon's beard, which is widely distributed in the mainland and is also a wild famous dish.
The "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Dragon's mustard is born on the stone of the southeast seaside. The clumps have no branches, the leaves are like willow roots, they are more than a foot long, white, soaked in vinegar, and steamed meat is also good. Liang Shiqiu said in "Yashe Talks about Eating" that dragon mustard with abalone fillet is a very good cold dish double; there is also Shanghai's fried fresh dragon mustard with shredded ham, which has good color and taste; Beijing has the famous dish of "stewed dragon beard with bad duck mud"; foreigners also eat dragon mustache, and there are also dragon mustache dishes in Western food.
In addition to its delicious taste, it is also rich in active polysaccharides, phycoerythrin and dietary fiber, etc., which has a variety of effects such as regulating immune activity, anti-tumor, antioxidant and anti-virus. In addition to the therapeutic effect, the bioremediation research on eutrophication caused by animal mariculture has shown that large-scale planting of seawater can reduce the pollution of seawater in the aquaculture area and prevent eutrophication of the water body.
Ulva is a wild vegetable with Jiangnan characteristics, the taste is soft and smooth, the edible has a long history, it has been recorded in the Book of Songs, and it also appears in the documents of later generations, and even formed a kind of Ulva culture, and the literati and ink writers used Ulva to express homesickness and farewell. Du Fu has a poem: "I love Minxia taro, and I think of thousands of miles." Life and death parting, since ancient times, the nose is sour. Bai Juyi has a poem that says, "There are still perch and lettuce, and they may plan to go to Jiangdong in the spring", Su Shi once said, "If you ask about the victory of Sanwu, it is not only a thousand miles of Uvenlius".
In terms of eating methods, Chinese like to use lettuce to make Ulva soup. "The New Language of the World" records that "there are thousands of miles of Ulva soup, but there is no salt and soybean"; "The New Language of the World" is a book of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, which shows that from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Ulva was a frequent guest on the table of the Chinese people. In the Tang and Song dynasties, it was still a popular way to eat Ulva soup with Ulva and black bean sauce, which can be verified by ancient texts. There is also a recipe called "Simei Soup", which is a soup made with four ingredients: lettuce, mushrooms, crab roe and fish ribs, which is said to be extremely delicious. In modern times, in addition to the traditional way of eating, people have also developed new Ulva foods such as Ulva carrot juice, Ulva bread, and Ulva biscuits.
The famous West Lake Ulva soup
It is a pity that due to the strict requirements of the growth environment, it can only grow in lakes, ponds and swamps with very clean water quality, and under the action of factors such as water pollution and water environment damage, the wild Ulva has been endangered and is listed as a national first-class key protected wild plant. If you want to eat Ulva you can, you can only buy artificially grown Ulva cabbage. Ulva is rich in nutrients, rich in polysaccharides, proteins, amino acids, vitamins and trace elements. Among them, polysaccharides are a good immune promoter, which can inhibit the generation and development of tumors and have anti-cancer effects. In traditional Chinese medicine, Ulva also has the effects of clearing heat, reducing swelling, detoxifying, appetizing and replenishing qi, and lowering blood sugar. In addition, there is a layer of slippery gelatin, which is a pectin on the surface of the stems and leaves of Ulva cabbage, which can moisturize the skin and moisturize the face, and the effect may catch up with the general mask.
Toon tree
Toon is one of the wild plants that grow on the ground and in the water, as well as some wild plants that grow on trees, that is, the shoots, leaves, or flowers of edible trees. As long as you have eaten toon, whenever you see the word "toon", the tip of the tongue and the wing of the nose seem to waft its fresh and special fragrance. This particular scent comes from special volatiles in the toon buds, such as caryophyllene, a commonly used food spice that boasts a blend of citrus, camphor and cloves. Modern studies have shown that toon has a high nutritional value, each 100g of fresh buds and leaves contains about 9.8 grams of protein, 56 mg of vitamin C, 3.4 mg of iron, 548 mg of potassium, 110 mg of calcium and 17 kinds of amino acids and other substances, among them, the content of protein and vitamin C ranks first among the group of vegetables, and there are many types and high content of essential amino acids for the human body.
It is said that the first person to propose that toon can be eaten was Meng Xu, a native of the Tang Dynasty, that is, the originator of dietary therapy who wrote the world's earliest surviving dietary therapy monograph "Dietary Therapy Materia Medica". After the Tang Dynasty, the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties and modern people all like to eat toon, and the way to eat is similar, toon eggs, toon tofu, pickled toon, etc. "Toon sprouts pick the first buds, blanch the soup, add less salt, dry, can stay for more than a year. Newcomers can enter tea, the most suitable fried gluten, boiled tofu, ingredients, all of which are indispensable. This is the account in the Ming Dynasty's "Zunsheng Eight Notes".
In addition to its edible value, toon also has high medicinal value. According to modern pharmacological research, toon leaves contain polyphenolic compounds, most of which are natural antioxidants and have antibacterial, antiviral and other effects; Some toon leaf extracts can inhibit the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells, induce apoptosis of certain white blood cells, or have cytotoxicity to prostate cancer cells, in short, toon leaf extract has certain anti-cancer properties; In addition, toon leaf extract also has effects such as lowering blood sugar.
In addition to toons, there is also a wild vegetable on a tree that everyone loves, acacia flowers. Acacia, also known as Robinia pseudoacacia, is a deciduous tree, widely planted in the north of the mainland, blooms in April and May every year, the fragrance of flowers is overflowing, and it is also the best time to eat acacia flowers at this time. The most classic way to eat acacia flowers is steamed. Pick fresh acacia flowers with buds to be released, wash and drain them, put in a little salt, then add an appropriate amount of flour and mix well, put them in a steamer to steam, steam them on a plate, pour them with garlic, soy sauce, chili pepper and other dipping sauces, and a fragrant steamed acacia flower is ready. Steamed acacia flowers retain the original flavor and nutrition of acacia flowers well, with full color, flavor and flavor, and it is also a delicacy that haunts Xiaobian's childhood dreams. In addition, there are also ways to eat sophora buns, sophora balls, scork soup, and scrambled eggs with scarf flowers.
Nutritionally, locust flowers contain a lot of pollen, which is very rich in nutrients, rich in protein, amino acids, vitamins and minerals. Some studies believe that its nutritional value is higher than that of beef, eggs, milk, wheat and other foods.
In addition to the above, there are many common wild vegetables, such as camellia, purslane, bitter herbs, bellflower, dandelion, wild amaranth, etc. Some research literature points out that there are 1822 species of wild vegetables in 213 families eaten in mainland China, and 100~200 species are commonly eaten. It can be seen that "food in China" is indeed worthy of its name.
Don't pick wild vegetables on the side of the road
Seeing that wild vegetables are so delicious and so nutritious, do you have the urge to pick wild vegetables and eat wild vegetables? Here, I would like to remind everyone to try to choose traditional, locally grown, and wild vegetables with many years of edible history (such as those described above), do not eat wild vegetables that you don't know and don't know where they come from, and you should also be cautious about eating some newly emerged and newly introduced wild vegetables.
First, the newly emerged wild vegetables may be toxic if they have not been verified for food safety for a long time, or have not been tested for safety by relevant institutions. A well-known case is the 2005 KFC "Sky Green Fragrance" incident. At that time, KFC launched a new drink, "Hibiscus Tianluxiang Soup", which contains wild vegetables Tianluxiang, and after some media questioned that Tianluxiang was toxic, the Guangdong Provincial Food Safety Expert Committee held an interim meeting to evaluate the food safety of Tianluxiang. The results of the evaluation showed that "Tianluxiang" was indeed toxic, and three suggestions were suggested: "Tianluxiang" should not be promoted as a vegetable planting; Residents should not consume it for a long time; Judging from the available data, its toxicity to humans has not been found with occasional consumption. The end result of the incident was that KFC stopped selling "Hibiscus Sky Green Soup".
Second, wild vegetables that are not sold in the regular market, or that we pick at will on the side of the road, in parks and other urban green spaces are not suitable for consumption. Many elderly people like to dig up wild vegetables in parks or highway green belts when they take a walk, morning exercise or walk in the park, thinking that these natural wild vegetables are healthy and delicious. In fact, this is highly undesirable. You think, the wild vegetables on the side of the road, "bathing" under the exhaust of cars every day, the content of heavy metals such as lead and mercury and other harmful substances is likely to exceed the standard; The lawn of the park may be sprayed with herbicides, insecticides and other pesticides, and related toxic substances may remain on the wild vegetables in the interim, and the feces of pet cats and dogs in the park will also pollute it; There are also some residential green spaces built on construction waste, community green spaces at the original industrial site, and riverside ditches where industrial wastewater flows, etc., and the wild vegetables growing on them may be polluted by a variety of pollutants, and these wild vegetables are not suitable for consumption.
Therefore, "natural" does not mean "green and pollution-free", and "self-picked" does not mean "safe and healthy". For city dwellers who don't have the opportunity to dig and pick wild vegetables in the mountains and woodlands far from pollution, it is wise to buy wild vegetables with the "Green Food" certification mark in the regular market, so that such wild vegetables are safe and secure.